生物活性

• 描述(−)-Epicatechin, as a flavanols, is found as a natural product in cacao and cacao products, such as dark chocolate, and in green tea. (−)-Epicatechin potently reduced luciferase expression (EC50 of 20.5 nM) at 6 hours. Neurons were treated with (−)-epicatechin (100 nM for 6 hours), (−)-Epicatechin decreased Aβ1-40 levels by approximately 30%^[3]. In vivo, high-flavonoid dark chocolate containing 46 mg (−)-epicatechin daily for 2 weeks showed superior vascular function as seen by improved endothelium-dependent flow-mediated dilation of the brachial artery. Moreover, a reduction in ovalbumin-specific IgE present in the mice fed with the high dose (26 ± 13 ng/mL) and medium dose (89 ± 35 ng/mL) of (−)-epicatechin ^[4].
• 临床研究

• NCT号	适应症或疾病	临床期	招募状态	预计完成时间	地点
  NCT01360320	Colorectal Serrated Adenomas ... more >> Colorectal Tubular Adenomas Colorectal Villous Adenomas Colorectal Tubulovillous Adenomas Collapse <<	Phase 2	Unknown	March 2018	Germany ... more >> Ostalb-Klinikum Aalen, Medizinische Klinik 1, Sekretariat Prof. Kleber Recruiting Aalen, Germany, 73430 Contact: Caroline Walny       caroline.walny@ostalb-klinikum.de    Principal Investigator: Gerhard Kleber, MD          Klinikum Altenburger Land, Gastroenterologie Not yet recruiting Altenburg, Germany, 04600 Contact: Michael Repp, MD       michael.repp@klinikum-altenburgerland.de    Principal Investigator: Michael Repp, MD          Klinikum Augsburg, III. Med. Klinik Recruiting Augsburg, Germany, 86156 Contact: Tanja Hilmer       Tanja.Hilmer@klinikum-augsburg.de    Krankenhaus Bietigheim-Bissingen, Klinik für Innere Medizin, Gastroenterologie, Hämato-Onkologie Recruiting Bietigheim-Bissingen, Germany, 74321 Contact: Ulla Hegmann       hegmul01@kliniken-lb.de    Principal Investigator: Siegfried Walker, MD          Krankenhaus Buchholz, Abteilung Innere Medizin Recruiting Buchholz, Germany, 21244 Contact: Dirk Fahrenholz, MD       Dirk.Fahrenholz@krankenhaus-buchholz.de    Principal Investigator: Dirk Fahrenholz, MD          Kliniken der Stadt Köln gGmbH, Krankenhaus Holweide -Medizinische Klinik- Recruiting Cologne, Germany Contact: Claudia Kaiser-Stolz       Kaiser-Stolz@kliniken-koeln.de    Principal Investigator: Ulrich Huegle, MD          Klinikum Esslingen, Klinik für Innere Medizin, Onkologie, Gastroenterologie Recruiting Esslingen, Germany, 73730 Contact: Stephanie Klink       s.klink@kliniken-es.de    Principal Investigator: Michael Geissler, MD          Universitätsklinikum der Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-Universität Greifswald, Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin A Recruiting Greifswald, Germany, 17475 Contact: Eckhard Weber       eckhard.weber@uni-greifswald.de    Principal Investigator: Julia Mayerle, MD          Dr. Zeisler, Praxis für Innere Medizin und Gastroenterologie Recruiting Halle, Germany, 06108 Contact: Brigitte Schneider       gastrozeisler@yahoo.de    Principal Investigator: Thomas Zeisler, MD          Dres. Fechner/Behrens/Steudel - Gastroenterologisch-Onkologische Praxisklinik Recruiting Halle, Germany, 06108 Contact: Anja Schlenk       bsf@gastro-halle.de    Principal Investigator: Ruediger Behrens, MD          Dr. Frank-Gleich Praxis für Innere Medizin und Gastroenterologie Recruiting Halle, Germany, 06110 Contact: Ute Kabisch       u.kabisch@onkomedic.de    Principal Investigator: Stefanie Frank-Gleich, MD          Universitätsklinikum Halle, Klinik für Innere Medizin I Recruiting Halle, Germany, 06120 Contact: Teuber Evelin       evelin.teuber@medizin.uni-halle.de    Principal Investigator: Thomas Seufferlein, MD          Sub-Investigator: Thomas J. Ettrich, MD          Klinikum Ludwigsburg, Medizinische Klinik I Recruiting Ludwigsburg, Germany, 71640 Contact: Samuel Raad       samuel.raad@kliniken-lb.de    Principal Investigator: Karel Caca, MD          Diakoniekrankenhaus Mannheim, Medizinische Klinik II Recruiting Mannheim, Germany, 68163 Contact: Ulrich Damian, MD       u.damian@diako-ma.de    Principal Investigator: Ulrich Damian, MD          II. Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik der TU München, Klinikum rechts der Isar Recruiting Munich, Germany, 81675 Contact: Jens Zimmermann       Studiensekretariat.med2@lrz.tum.de    Principal Investigator: Jens T. Siveke, MD          Klinik Mühldorf Abt.Gastroenterologie Recruiting Mühldorf am Inn, Germany, 84453 Contact: Melanie Mühlberger       melanie.muehlberger@kliniken-muehldorf.de    Principal Investigator: Gerhard Fuechsl, MD          Klinikum Bogenhausen, Interdisziplinäre Onkologische Tagklinik Recruiting München, Germany, 81525 Contact: Romy Petermann       romy.petermann@klinikum-muenchen.de    Principal Investigator: Martin Fuchs, MD          Regio Kliniken Pinneberg Not yet recruiting Pinneberg, Germany, 25421 Contact: Stefan Tardos, MD       stefan.tardos@regiokliniken.de    Principal Investigator: Stefan Tardos, MD          Klinikum St. Elisabeth, I. Medizinische Klinik Recruiting Straubing, Germany, 94315 Contact: Stefanie Wolf       stefanie.wolf@klinikum-straubing.de    Principal Investigator: Weigert Norbert, MD          Universitätsklinikum Ulm, Klinik für Innere Medizin I Recruiting Ulm, Germany, 89081 Contact: Yvonne Kriebisch       yvonne.kriebisch@uniklinik-ulm.de    Principal Investigator: Goetz von Wichert, MD          Evangelisches Krankenhaus Wesel, Abteilung Innere Medizin Recruiting Wesel, Germany, 46485 Contact: Adelheid Rosendahl       rosendahl@evkwesel.de    Principal Investigator: Dirk Hartnack, MD Collapse <<
  NCT02447783	Healthy	Not Applicable	Completed	-	United States, California ... more >> Ragle Human Nutrition Research Center, Department of Nutrition at UC Davis Davis, California, United States, 95616 Collapse <<
  NCT02422745	Cardiovascular Disease ... more >> Cancer Collapse <<	Phase 4	Active, not recruiting	October 2020	United States, Massachusetts ... more >> Brigham and Women's Hospital Boston, Massachusetts, United States, 02215 United States, Washington Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center Seattle, Washington, United States, 98109 Collapse <<

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• 参考文献

• [1] Gutierrez-Salmean G, Ciaraldi TP, et al. Effects of (-)-epicatechin on molecular modulators of skeletal muscle growth and differentiation. J Nutr Biochem. 2014 Jan;25(1):91-4.

  [2] Huttemann M, Lee I, Malek MH. (-)-Epicatechin maintains endurance training adaptation in mice after 14 days of detraining. FASEB J. 2012 Apr;26(4):1413-22.

  [3] Cox CJ, Choudhry F, Peacey E, Perkinton MS, Richardson JC, Howlett DR, Lichtenthaler SF, Francis PT, Williams RJ. Dietary (-)-epicatechin as a potent inhibitor of βγ-secretase amyloid precursor protein processing. Neurobiol Aging. 2015 Jan;36(1):178-87. doi: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2014.07.032. Epub 2014 Jul 30. PMID: 25316600; PMCID: PMC4270442.

  [4] Shay J, Elbaz HA, Lee I, Zielske SP, Malek MH, Hüttemann M. Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Effects of (-)-Epicatechin and Other Polyphenols in Cancer, Inflammation, Diabetes, and Neurodegeneration. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2015;2015:181260. doi: 10.1155/2015/181260. Epub 2015 Jun 9. PMID: 26180580; PMCID: PMC4477097.